Public relations (PR) is the practice of managing and disseminating information from an individual or an organization (such as a business, government agency, or a nonprofit organization) to the public in order to influence their perception. PR is a set of techniques and strategies related to managing how information about an individual or company is disseminated to the…
Media planning
Media planning is the process of selecting the best media channels to reach your target audience with your marketing message. It involves assessing your target audience, setting your marketing goals, and selecting the media channels that will reach your target audience at the right time and with the right message. Media planning is an essential…
Creative brief
A creative brief is a document that outlines the goals, target audience, and creative direction for a marketing campaign. It is used by creative teams to ensure that all of the marketing materials for a campaign are consistent and on-message. A creative brief typically includes the following sections: A creative brief is an essential tool…
Brand awareness
Brand awareness is a marketing term for the degree to which consumers recognize a product or service by its name. Ideally, consumers’ awareness of the brand may include positive perceptions of the qualities that distinguish the product or service from its competition. Brand awareness represents how familiar your target audience is with your brand and how well they recognize it….
Advertising
Advertising is a form of marketing communication that uses paid messages to encourage, persuade, or remind an audience to take some action, such as buying a product, hiring a service, or voting for a political candidate. Advertising is a powerful tool that can be used to reach a large audience and influence their behavior. It…
Risk management
Risk management is the identification, assessment, and prioritization of risks followed by coordinated and economical application of resources to minimize, monitor, and control the probability or impact of unfortunate events or to maximize the realization of opportunities. Risk management is a continuous process that should be integrated into all aspects of an organization’s operations. It…
Operations
Operations are the business activities that a firm engages in to convert materials into finished products or services, sell them to customers, and earn a profit. Operations are the foundation of how a business works (in terms of supply chain and logistics) and profits rely on lean, efficient operations. Operations management is the administration of business practices to create the…
Information technology (IT)
Information technology (IT) is the use of computers to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data. It is a broad term that encompasses a wide range of technologies, from personal computers to mainframes to supercomputers. IT is used in a variety of industries, including business, government, education, and healthcare. The goal of Information Technology is to…
Human resources
Human resources (HR) is a department in a company that is responsible for all aspects of employee management. This includes recruiting, hiring, training, developing, and retaining employees. HR also handles employee benefits, compensation, and relations with employees. The goal of HR is to help the company achieve its goals by providing employees with the resources…
Administration
In business, administration refers to the management of a company’s day-to-day operations. It includes tasks such as planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. The goal of administration is to ensure that the company runs smoothly and efficiently, and that it achieves its goals. Administration is a broad field that encompasses many different areas of expertise….
Trial balance
A trial balance is a bookkeeping worksheet that lists the balances of all ledgers (accounts) that have nonzero balances. A trial balance is an important step in the accounting process, because it helps identify any mathematical errors throughout the first three steps in the cycle: journalizing transactions, posting them to the ledger, and preparing an unadjusted trial balance. It also provides the basis…
Ledger
A ledger is a book or digital record that stores bookkeeping entries. The ledger shows the account’s opening balance, all debits and credits to the account for the period, and the ending balance. Ledgers may contain detailed transaction information for one account, one type of transaction, or—in the case of a general ledger—summarized information for all of a company’s financial…