Most common business terminologies
A penny stock is a stock that trades for less than $5 per share. Penny stocks are often traded over-the-counter (OTC), meaning they are not listed on a major stock exchange. Penny stocks are considered to be high-risk investments because they are often thinly traded and there is less information available about the companies that…
An over-the-counter (OTC) market is a decentralized marketplace for trading securities and other financial instruments. It is not a physical location, but rather a network of dealers and brokers who trade directly with each other. OTC markets are used to trade a wide variety of securities, including stocks, bonds, options, and derivatives. They are also…
An order is a request to buy or sell a stock. It is a way for investors to communicate their investment intentions to a broker or exchange. Orders can be placed for a variety of reasons, such as to take advantage of a perceived opportunity, to hedge against risk, or to simply manage an existing…
Market capitalization, also known as market cap, is the total value of all outstanding shares of a company. It is calculated by multiplying the current share price by the number of outstanding shares. Market capitalization is a measure of a company’s size and is often used to compare companies in the same industry. Market capitalization…
An index is a statistical measure of change in a securities market or a particular segment of the market. It is a way of measuring the performance of a group of assets. Indexes are used by investors to track the performance of the market as a whole, or to compare the performance of different asset…
An exchange, also known as a stock exchange, is a marketplace where stocks and other securities are bought and sold. Exchanges provide a centralized platform for buyers and sellers to come together and trade securities. This allows for greater liquidity and transparency in the market, which can benefit both buyers and sellers. There are many…
Earnings per share (EPS) is a company’s net income (profit) divided by the number of outstanding shares of common stock. EPS is a valuable measure of a company’s profitability because it shows how much profit each share of stock is worth. EPS is calculated by dividing net income by the number of outstanding shares of…
A dividend is a distribution of a portion of a company’s earnings to a class of its shareholders. When a company earns a profit or surplus, it is able to pay a portion of the profit as a dividend to shareholders. Any amount not distributed is taken to be re-invested in the business. Dividends are…
Common stock is a type of security that represents ownership in a corporation. It is the most basic form of equity, and it gives shareholders a number of rights, including: Common stock is riskier than other types of investments, such as bonds, because it is not guaranteed to pay dividends or appreciate in value. However,…
A call option is a contract that gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy a specified quantity of an underlying asset at a specified price on or before a specified date. The specified price is called the strike price, and the specified date is called the expiration date. The buyer of…
A bull market is a market condition in which stock prices are rising. It is typically defined as a rise of 20% or more in a stock market index over at least a two-month period. Here are some of the key characteristics of a bull market: Bull markets can last for months or even years….
Beta is a measure of a stock’s volatility relative to the market. It is calculated by comparing the stock’s price movements to the price movements of a benchmark index, such as the S&P 500. A beta of 1 means that the stock’s price moves in the same direction as the market. A beta of less…